Japan Times, “What you need to know about Japan’s new joint custody system: Advocates say that the changes will allow both parents to remain involved in the raising of their children”, March 24, 2026. On landmark legislation that came into effect on April 1, about 25 years too late for our generation of parents
Intro: Joint custody for divorced parents will be allowed from April 1 in Japan — one of the few jurisdictions in the world where custody has been granted to only one parent — in one of the biggest reforms to the country’s family law in decades.
For the first time ever, revisions to the Civil Code and related laws will allow parents to choose between sole custody or joint custody following a divorce. The Justice Ministry says the reform is aimed at placing “the best interests of the child” at the center of post-divorce arrangements.
Until now, sole custody was the only option a divorced couple had, in contrast with many Western countries where joint custody is commonplace. The system has long drawn criticism from foreign organizations — particularly in cases involving international marriages and cross-border custody disputes — because it robs the noncustodial parent from having any legal authority over major life decisions for the child.
Advocates say that the changes will allow both parents to remain involved in the raising of their children. However, critics warn that it could expose abuse victims to continued control by their former spouses and effectively cut off their only route of escape. Others say it places too much power in the hands of the family court, which decides whether or not to grant joint custody if the divorcing parents can’t come to an agreement on their own.
Other revisions to legislation include allowing trial visitation periods and having clearer procedures for the seizing of assets for a parent’s nonpayment of child support. Here’s what you need to know about the changes that take effect from April 1, 2026: