{"id":13229,"date":"2015-04-16T08:51:00","date_gmt":"2015-04-16T18:51:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.debito.org\/?p=13229"},"modified":"2015-04-18T19:18:53","modified_gmt":"2015-04-19T05:18:53","slug":"post-2500-dr-m-g-bucky-sheftalls-speeches-at-the-opening-of-kamikaze-suicide-pilots-exhibit-aboard-uss-missouri-apr-10-and-11-2015","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/?p=13229","title":{"rendered":"Post #2500: Dr. M.G. “Bucky” Sheftall’s speeches at the opening of “Kamikaze” suicide pilots exhibit aboard USS Missouri, Apr 10 and 11, 2015"},"content":{"rendered":"

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Hi Blog. To celebrate\u00a0Debito.org’s 2500th Blog Post (not including all of the other sites<\/a> for example here<\/a>, here<\/a>,\u00a0and here<\/a>\u00a0in the ten years before\u00a0the blog was established), I am proud to have the privilege of putting up two important speeches by friend and colleague Dr. M.G. “Bucky” Sheftall of Shizuoka University<\/a>, author of “Blossoms in the Wind: Human Legacies of the Kamikaze<\/a>\u201d (Penguin, 2005)<\/p>\n

These speeches were given on April 10 and 11, 2015, to commemorate the opening of a temporary exhibit of historical artifacts and records of “Kamikaze” suicide pilots. This important exhibition is currently below decks for at least the next six months aboard the USS Missouri (yes, the site where Japan surrendered and ended WWII), anchored at Pearl Harbor, Honolulu, Hawaii. It is open to the public, featuring things from the Chiran Peace Museum<\/a> near Kagoshima, Kyushu, never before seen outside of Japan. I was in attendance at both events, and it made several US newspapers (the front page of the Honolulu Star-Advertiser (subscription only), on Hawaii NewsNow<\/a>, and the Los Angeles Times<\/a>, inter alia) as well as some Japanese media. The ceremony itself took place on the 70th Anniversary of a suicide pilot colliding with the Missouri (its bomb did not explode), with many people on both sides of the Pacific in attendance.<\/p>\n

\"BuckySpeaksMissouri041015\"<\/a><\/p>\n

I’ll let Bucky tell the rest of the story. First the shorter speech of April 11, then the longer one with more context and intents of April 10. Read and have a think about how some people are wresting control of Japan’s wartime narrative into a less jingoistic direction<\/a>. Dr. ARUDOU, Debito<\/p>\n

\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/<\/p>\n

SPEECH BY MAYOR SHIMO-IDE OF CHIRAN, MINAMI-KYUSHU CITY, KAGOSHIMA<\/a>. TRANSLATED AND READ BY DR. M.G. “BUCKY” SHEFTALL<\/strong>
\nUSS MISSOURI, HONOLULU, HAWAII, APRIL 11, 2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u6226\u8266\u30df\u30ba\u30fc\u30ea\u8a18\u5ff5\u9928\u3000\u30bb\u30ec\u30e2\u30cb\u30fc\u3000\u5e02\u9577\u6328\u62f6<\/strong>
\n Ladies and gentlemen, Aloha, good morning, ohayo gozaimasu.<\/em><\/strong>
\n First, on behalf of the city of Minamikyushu, Japan, I would like to thank the Battleship Missouri Memorial and its staff for giving us this opportunity to exhibit artifacts from our city\u2019s collection of kamikaze pilot letters and personal effects in this historic and symbolic place.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Seventy years ago, our two nations were at war with one another.\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>
\n Seventy years ago to this very day, on April Eleventh, Nineteen Forty-Five, a nineteen-year-old Japanese kamikaze pilot crashed his aircraft into this ship — only a few yards from where I am standing. But even in the midst of bitter war, even as lookouts scanned the skies for more attackers, the captain and crew of the Missouri held a military funeral for the dead pilot with honor and respect.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Seventy years ago, the captain and crew of the USS Missouri were able to recognize humanity shared with a fallen enemy. I believe that spirit lives on in this ship, and that it is what allows us to gather here today on the occasion of the opening of the first exhibit on kamikaze history ever held outside of Japan, triumphant over the bitterness and hatred our nations had for one another in a past still within living memory.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

In the last months of the war \u2013 a war which started with an attack by Japan upon this very spot in 1941 \u2013 our town saw off many, many kamikaze missions. It is regrettable that we cannot undo a past in which our two countries were once at war. But now, seventy years later, through this historic exhibit at the Battleship Missouri Memorial, we are provided with an opportunity to stand together steadfastly and look back upon that past in a spirit of reconciliation and mutual understanding.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

President John F. Kennedy once said \u201cMankind must put an end to war, or war will put an end to mankind.\u201dAll of us gathered here today, and everyone else on this planet, wants peace on earth. And certainly, all of us share from the bottom of our hearts the hope and the prayer that the human race never again sees a war on the scale of destruction and ferocity of the bitter conflict between our two countries seventy years ago. I sincerely believe that this exhibit represents a step, even though maybe only a small step, in the cause of peace not only for our countries, but also for East Asia and the world as a whole.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Finally, I would like to thank the president, curator and staff of the Battleship Missouri Memorial and everyone else who, through their patience, cooperation and great efforts, have helped to make this exhibit possible. Together with my prayers for the success of the exhibit, I also offer my sincerest gratitude. Thank you.<\/em><\/strong>
\nENDS
\n\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/\/<\/p>\n

Kamikaze Lecture April 10, 2015<\/strong>
\n Written and delivered by Dr. M.G. “Bucky” Sheftall<\/strong>
\n USS Missouri, Honolulu, Hawaii<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ladies and gentlemen, Aloha, and mahalo for inviting and joining me here this evening. I would like to give a special mahalo to the hard work and generous hospitality of the Battleship Missouri Memorial staff in providing this spectacular and profoundly historic and symbolic venue for my talk, in which I will try to put into appropriate context two events of direct relevance to why we are gathered here on the fantail of this legendary warship.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

One of these events involved a 19-year-old man \u2013 a boy, really \u2013 named Setsuo Ishino crashing a Mitsubishi Zero fighter plane in a kamikaze attack against this ship, hitting it about twenty yards from where I stand, exactly seventy years ago to the day tomorrow. I have spent the past fifteen years of my academic career attempting to figure out why thousands of sane, rational young Japanese men like Ishino did what they did, and were able to do what they did, in 1944-45. And make no mistake about it, as you will see when you read their letters later on when we go belowdecks to see the exhibit, these young men WERE sane and rational \u2013 I believe it was rather the circumstances into which they were thrown in 1944-45 that were insane, and irrational.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

I have also studied why and how those young men could be ordered to do what they did by ostensibly sane and rational senior military professionals.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Likewise, I have tried to figure out how the populace of an entire nation \u2013 in full knowledge via Japanese state mass media at the time of exactly what the \u201ckamikaze\u201d concept entailed, in all of its tragic, gruesome details \u2013 could cheer the kamikaze pilots on for the last ten months of the war, sure to the very end that the kamikaze campaign waged by both the Imperial Army and Navy was sure to miraculously rescue them and bring the nation a glorious victory even as Japan\u2019s cities were being burned to the ground every night by American B-29s. To put that era of magical thinking in sharper perspective, during the ten months that constant news headlines and stirring radio broadcasts about the kamikaze gave the Japanese nation the will and hope to keep fighting on in their lost war, approximately half of Japan\u2019s two million military fatalities in the entire conflict and the vast majority of its civilian fatalities were suffered.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

In the limited time we have this evening, I hope I can shed at least a little light upon \u2013 and do justice to the weight of \u2013 the extremely complex issues related to the kamikaze phenomenon, none of which can in any case be explained with single, simple answers.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

The second relevant event I would like to put in proper context is about to happen, also tomorrow, and also on this ship, but several decks below the spot where young Setsuo Ishino\u2019s Zero hit the Big Mo. And here, I am of course referring to the \u201ckamikaze artifacts\u201d exhibit featuring letters, uniforms, and other personal effects of kamikaze pilots \u2013 the first exhibit of its kind ever held outside of Japan \u2013 that will open here at the Battleship Missouri Memorial tomorrow morning.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Before proceeding, I would like to make a note regarding terminology. I am aware that the term \u201ckamikaze\u201d is pretty much standard around the world \u2013 outside of Japan, that is, where it is eschewed for various reasons \u2013 for describing the late-war Japanese military tactic of the deliberate crashing of aircraft into targets. However, in the interest of historical accuracy, of avoiding stereotypes fossilized by decades worth of lurid Sergeant Rock comic books and tacky slang usage, and most importantly, at least for me, in the interest of ease of elocution, for the rest of my talk, instead of the term \u201ckamikaze\u201d, I am going to use the phrase \u201ctokk\u014d\u201d, which is a Japanese abbreviation of the euphemistic military expression \u201ctokubetsu k\u014dgeki\u201d or \u201cspecial attack\u201d. So, from hereon out, it\u2019s not \u201ckamikaze\u201d, but \u201ctokk\u014d\u201d. Everyone on board with that?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

So, let\u2019s move on to what I\u2019m pretty sure is the first question about tokk\u014d that is probably at the front of everyone\u2019s mind this evening, NAMELY, \u201cWhy did they do it?\u201d That is a simple and quite reasonable question to which there are, unfortunately, and at risk of repeating myself, no simple and reasonable single answers. This issue is so complex that, in my fifteen-odd years of study dedicated to it, I think I have barely scratched its surface, and I doubt I will ever figure it all out. Actually, I doubt anyone ever will or can. Nevertheless, I will try to share with you now a summary of some of the fruits of all of that surface-scratching the Japanese taxpayer has been paying me to do for the past fifteen years.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

First and foremost, tokk\u014d should be approached from the perspective of brute military expedience. By the time the Japanese military began deploying tokk\u014d, it had already endured a nearly two-year-long steady stream of military defeats and setbacks since the heady period of initial Japanese successes in the first 12 months of the war.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

One specific development in the overall dire military situation which had direct influence on the eventual deployment of tokk\u014d was Japan\u2019s near complete loss of air superiority \u2013 or even anything approaching air parity — in just about every theater of operations against Allied forces from at least early 1943 on. This loss of air superiority extended to the Japanese Home Islands themselves by late 1944. This turning of the tide of the Pacific war in the air can in large part be credited to new American fighter designs such as the Grumman Hellcat which were not only superior to but in fact specifically designed to destroy the previously overwhelmingly dominant Japanese fighter types. But most credit in this case must be given to the sheer economic and strategic inevitability of what was bound from the start to happen to Japan\u2019s war fortunes when America\u2019s industries tooled up to full war emergency power, so to speak, and the American populace mobilized itself psychologically and steeled itself emotionally for a long, brutal fight against a determined enemy the final outcome of which was nevertheless never in question even when oil fires and burning warships blackened the skies over this very spot on December 7, 1941.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Of course, in an aviation-dominated conflict such as the Pacific Theater, the loss of air superiority was, at the risk of gross understatement, a critical setback for the Japanese military \u2013 particularly the Imperial Navy and Merchant Marine, upon which the new Japanese Empire was even more dependent than the old British Empire had been upon its own maritime resources. Without the ability to put up a decent fight in the air, Japanese forces could neither take the fight to the enemy nor adequately defend themselves when the enemy took the fight to them \u2013 something that was happening with increasing frequency and intensity from early 1943 on. When Japanese surface vessels sortied out to close for combat, they were as often as not sunk by Allied aircraft before they ever saw an enemy warship. Without the ability to put up solid resistance in the air, the Japanese military could neither stop nor even significantly slow down the Allied fleets that were breaching the ramparts of the Japanese Empire on all fronts and beginning to close in on the Japanese Home Islands themselves by late 1944, when the tokk\u014d tactic made its official debut at the Battle of Leyte Gulf in the Philippines in October of that year.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

When Western writers attempt to address the issue of tokk\u014d, their approach all too often has a vaguely patronizing, Rudyard Kipling-esque, almost touristy feel to it \u2013 a tendency to draw facile parallels to the samurai ethos and the like \u2013 lots of misty imagery of mountaintop Zen temples and harakiri scenes and purple prose about cherry blossoms and such \u2013 in other words, to write the tokk\u014d phenomenon off to a case of some kind of exotic, inscrutable Japanese weirdness. I do not approve of this trope in Western writing on the subject of tokk\u014d, and have always tried to avoid it unless I am mentioning it in the specific case of wartime Japanese propaganda\u2019s prodigious efforts to sell the tokk\u014d concept to the general public and to the military rank-and-file using similarly flowery and self-exoticizing imagery \u2013 portraying tokk\u014d as something springing up naturally from some native, ancient, magical samurai spirit in the Japanese soul \u2013 as opposed to being something mapped out as a desperation tactic in a naval planning room and ordered to be performed by adolescent pilots who had no choice in the matter of their personal fate. Yes, if I were a 1944 Japanese propagandist tasked with selling the tokk\u014d concept to the Japanese public, I certainly would have opted for the misty mountain cherry blossom samurai imagery, too. As stirring PR, it\u2019s brilliant.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

So, minus all of the \u201cEast is East, West is West, and never the twain shall meet\u201d boilerplate, and keeping our emotive adjectives and adverbs to a bare minimum, what was tokk\u014d was all about?:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

From October 1944, the Imperial Japanese military \u2013 choosing to continue fighting in a combat environment in which air superiority had been completely and irretrievably ceded to the enemy \u2013 began fielding what were, in dispassionate, brutally frank terms of intended tactical utility, guided anti-ship missiles. The technology that could be applied to these \u201cguided missiles\u201d, however, was limited to what was available to the Japanese military in 1944-45.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Technological limitations, the exigencies of a rapidly deteriorating tactical and strategic situation, and perhaps, the temptation of having on hand a ready supply of young men that were \u2013 thanks to three generations of intensive state education for this very role \u2013 capable of any sacrifice (or at least incapable of refusing orders to make any sacrifice) for their cause \u2013 all had direct bearing on the decision to commit to tokk\u014d. With the luxury of such human resources at hand, Japanese planners reached the conclusion that a human brain and body \u2013 i.e., a pilot \u2013 comprised the most pragmatic and effective option available for the target acquisition and guidance control system necessary for this anti-ship missile, while a bomb-laden high performance military aircraft was regarded as the most practical choice for its ballistic component. \u201cSuccessful\u201d deployment of the weapon, of necessity, involved the inevitable destruction of the human \u201cguidance system\u201d when the \u201cmissile\u201d was crashed into its target \u2013 generally an Allied warship. The Japanese military had these resources at hand in 1944-45, and they were used to pursue the war effort.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Now, all of this raises a second very important question, namely, \u201cDid anyone in Japan try to stop the decision to go all out on tokk\u014d tactics?\u201d There was, initially, a measure of opposition within the military to the expenditure of human lives in such a horrific manner \u2013 even Vice Admiral Takijiro Ohnishi, who would go on to be the first flag officer to give tokk\u014d orders in the field, went on record in a high level Tokyo naval strategy meeting as being opposed to using men and aircraft in this manner when the concept \u2013 which Ohnishi initially called t\u014dsotsu no ged\u014d or \u201cmilitary apostasy\u201d — first began getting airtime in high-ranking naval circles after major defeats at Guadalcanal and the Aleutians.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

However, the general panic in the wake of the fall of Saipan in 1944 \u2013 now putting Japan itself within range of B-29 bases which could not be neutralized by Japanese land forces (unlike US bases in China) \u2013 the success of the tokk\u014d tactic\u2019s debut at Leyte Gulf, and perhaps of equal importance, the extreme ingroup conformity and groupthink that characterized Japanese military culture of the era, are all factors that contributed to the silencing of most would-be critics of tokk\u014d. From then on until the end of the war it was acknowledged by the overwhelming majority of field commanders in both the Imperial Navy and Army that the new \u201cguided anti-ship missile\u201d was capable of accuracy and destructive power far greater than what was by then considered obtainable with conventional air tactics against superior Allied forces. As the thinking at the time went, if all of the nation\u2019s military pilots were going to be killed anyway in lopsidedly unequal air combat, why not make their deaths count by striking powerful blows against the enemy? So tokk\u014d was used. And once tokk\u014d entered the public imagination via the mass media, with the military now so publicly and irreversibly committed to the tactic, no one had the nerve to try to stop the whole catastrophic process once it was set in motion. Not even the Emperor himself, who is reported to have stood and solemnly bowed in the direction of the Philippines when told the news of the first \u201cofficial\u201d tokk\u014d deployment at Leyte Gulf.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

And as far as the general populace was concerned? As I intimated previously, the tokk\u014d pilots were collectively presented to the public \u2013 and received rock star-like adoration from that public \u2013 as dashing young heroes. The mass media record of the era makes unquestionably clear that there was a huge amount of public support for tokk\u014d \u2013 both of the sincere and, one suspects, prudent lip-service variety \u2013 while the war was going on. No one questioned the tactic, or the sacrifice, or the meaning of it all in wartime Japanese print or broadcast.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

For the most part, young, usually unmarried pilots with little or no previous combat experience carried out the tokk\u014d missions. By war\u2019s end, some 5,843 of these young men, many if not most as \u201cvolunteers\u201d in name only, had died in tokk\u014d attacks (the vast majority of these aerial tokk\u014d attacks as opposed to manned torpedoes or suicide motorboats) that sank or damaged over 200 Allied ships and killed or wounded approximately 15,000 Allied servicemen, also resulting in the highest rate of psychological casualties \u2013 then referred to as \u201ccombat fatigue\u201d, and what would today be referred to as PTSD \u2013 ever seen before or since in the history of the American armed forces.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

So, what do the Japanese think of the tokk\u014d legacy now?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Even though tokk\u014d casualties amounted to less than one percent of the total Imperial Japanese Army (IJA) aviation casualties and only a slightly higher fraction of Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) aviation casualties during the war, the tokk\u014d legacy has continued to be a tremendously symbolic and emotionally powerful feature of the postwar Japanese psychological landscape. The existence of a Japanese institution such as the Chiran Peace Museum, which has cooperated in putting together the exhibition here, is proof of the symbolic and emotional power the tokk\u014d legacy continues to have in Postwar Japan, and proof, perhaps, that this legacy has yet to be completely worked out in popular Japanese historical consciousness. This is true not only for Japanese whose lives were personally and directly affected by tokk\u014d during the war, but I think for all other Japanese since. While it is clear that tokk\u014d was and continues to be something of which millions of Japanese are proud (and one suspects this sentiment is publicly expressed with varying degrees of sincerity and conviction, and privately embraced with varying degrees of cognitive dissonance involved), it is also clear that the tokk\u014d legacy poses a weighty belief dilemma in Japanese discourse regarding national identity \u2013 both during and since the war.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Specifically, the essentially overlapping legacies of tokk\u014d-as-historical legacy and tokk\u014d-as-real-time-official military policy have posed particularly hard questions in the following areas: firstly, about the moral implications for those involved in conceiving, carrying out and or otherwise supporting the tokk\u014d campaign in real-time; secondly, about how the tokk\u014d legacy will and SHOULD be treated by historical posterity; and lastly, about how this legacy should be explained (if at all) to current and future generations of Japanese young people. The tokk\u014d legacy might even be said to raise \u2013 and I believe it should be ALLOWED to raise \u2013 hard questions about the nature and responsibility of a society and political system under which such a tactic could be conceived and executed by its leadership, unquestioningly obeyed by the military rank-and-file, and enthusiastically supported to the degree that it was by that society\u2019s members.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Frankly, I do not think most Japanese want to see Japan become a country like that again \u2013 either willingly, out of some kind of misguided cultural nostalgia, or forced to become so by circumstance \u2013 with the nation backed into a corner again like it was in 1944-45. And I KNOW no OTHER country wants to see Japan become like that again. The efforts, cooperation, generosity, and moral courage of the city of Minamikyushu and its Chiran Peace Museum in helping to put this exhibition together at Big Mo are proof aplenty that there are movements afoot in Japan to begin the necessary and long overdue process of negotiating explanatory narratives about Japan\u2019s war experience that are acceptable not only for certain domestic Japanese niche audiences, but which are acceptable globally, as well, including with former enemies the loathing and fear of whom still exist in living Japanese memory. These developments and the aspirations for world peace they entail can ONLY have positive consequences for Japan, for the region of East Asia, and for Japan\u2019s national image around the world. It is win-win for everyone involved. Through this reaching out to a former enemy in this literally historically unprecedented exhibit, Chiran is blazing a trail \u2013 it is showing the rest of Japan \u2013 and ALL OF US \u2013 how it can be done, how a commitment to remembering the past can and must put to rest, once and for all, simmering, lingering resentments and hatred about that past. And we are all the better off for these efforts. As you join me below decks later, I ask that you keep that idea in your mind as we explore this exciting new exhibit, and to also keep in mind the idea that you can acknowledge another human being\u2019s humanity and honor his memory and sacrifice without being compelled to glorify, rationalize, or romanticize the cause for which he was sacrificed or, and this certainly applies in this case, without being compelled to attempt to glorify, rationalize, or otherwise romanticize the manner in which that sacrifice was made. Captain William Callaghan and the crew of the USS Missouri taught us as much not twenty yards away from where we are gathered, 69 years and 363 days ago. It is a lesson we should never forget. Thank you for your attention this evening.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

ENDS<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

To celebrate Debito.org’s 2500th Blog Post (not including all of the other sites for example here, here, and here in the ten years before the blog was established), I am proud to have the privilege of putting up two important speeches by friend and colleague Dr. M.G. “Bucky” Sheftall of Shizuoka University, author of “Blossoms in the Wind: Human Legacies of the Kamikaze\u201d (Penguin, 2005)<\/p>\n

These speeches were given on April 10 and 11, 2015, to commemorate the opening of a temporary exhibit of historical artifacts and records of “Kamikaze” suicide pilots. This important exhibition is currently below decks for at least the next six months aboard the USS Missouri (yes, the site where Japan surrendered and ended WWII), anchored at Pearl Harbor, Honolulu, Hawaii. It is open to the public, featuring things from the Chiran Peace Museum near Kagoshima, Kyushu, never before seen outside of Japan. I was in attendance at both events, and it made several US newspapers (the front page of the Honolulu Star-Advertiser (subscription only), on Hawaii NewsNow, and the Los Angeles Times) as well as some Japanese media. The ceremony itself took place on the 70th Anniversary of a suicide pilot colliding with the Missouri (its bomb did not explode), with many people on both sides of the Pacific in attendance.<\/p>\n

I’ll let Bucky tell the rest of the story. First the shorter speech of April 11, then the longer one with more context and intents of April 10. Read and have a think about how some people are wresting control of Japan’s wartime narrative into a less jingoistic direction. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[22,19,35,20,13,56,31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13229","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cultural-issue","category-education","category-good-news","category-history","category-media","category-nj-legacies","category-tangents"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13229","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13229"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13229\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13229"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13229"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.debito.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13229"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}